eĝ-, eĝ(h)om, eĝō

    eĝ-, eĝ(h)om, eĝō

    English meaning: I

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “ich”

    Note: -ĝh- besides -ĝ- is ensured only for O.Ind., thus probably secondarily after dat. máhyam.

    Note: From Root ehem, eheu, eho (*eĝh-): “interjection, *an exclamation of joyful surprise” derived Root eĝ-, eĝ(h)om, eĝō : “I”

    Material: O.Ind. ahám, Av. azǝm, O.Pers. adam (*eĝ(h)om);

    Note: The shift ĝ(h) > d, t is recorded in Alb. and O.Pers. alone see below. Arm. es (from *ec, IE eĝ before conservative anlaut); Gk. ἔγω, ἐγών, boot. ἰω, ἰών; Lat. egō̆ as Gk. ἐγώ has changed from *egom, perhaps while *ἐγὸν φέρω stretched after ἐγὼ φέρω, egō̆ ferō, and *ἐγών are directed after *ἔδων “ gave “ etc. (about Lat. egomet “I myself” s. WH. I 396)? fal. eko, ego; probably also Osc. íív “I?”; s. finally Kretschrner Gl. 21, 100, Sommer IF. 38, 171 ff.; Ven. eχo “I” (compare meχo “ me “); Goth. ik, O.H.G. ih (ihh-ü “ I myself “ with the particle -ü), O.S. ic, Run. ek, ik, O.N. ek and enclitic Run. -ika (*eĝom), WestGmc. also *īk (lengthening after *tū) in O.E. īc, Ger. fränk. aich, O.N. also ēk (Proto-Gmc. *ékan, from which proclitic ek, ik, enclitic *ka); Lith. àš, old eš, Ltv. es, O.Pruss. es, as (*eĝ); O.C.S. azъ (quite seldom jazъ) from *ēghom?, nSloven. Russ. Pol. ja (to explanation of anlaut vowels s. lastly WH. I 862, Meillet Slave comm.2 452);

    Note: Maybe: O.C.S. jazъ derived from Swedish jag “I “ Toch. ñuk “I” after Petersen Lang. 11, 204?; Hitt. ú-uk (uk) with u after am-mu-uk “me, I”, secondary “I”, that against u has related from the 2. sg. tu-uk “you (dat.) you”. Maybe reduced nasalized Alb. (*unk) unë “I” : Alb. Arbëresh uthë “ I” [common Alb. -k > -th phonetic mutation]

    Note: The common shift ĝh > d also kh > t is found only among Persian tongues and Albanian dialects. With regard to Root eĝ-, eĝ(h)om, eĝō : “ I” the shift ĝ(h) > d in O.Pers. [Av. azǝm, O.Pers. adam (*eĝ(h)om)] corresponds to Alb. ĝh > th [eukham- > utha “ I”] of Alb. Arbëresh which is the oldest cognate. It was then nasalized in Alb. Arbëresh utha “ I” > Alb.Tosk (*unta) unë “ I” [common Alb. phonetic mutation t > nt > n]. Also important is the fact that Hitt. language uses the endings before the word like Lat. while Alb. uses the ending after the word like Indian and Persian tongues. But clearly Illyr. marks the intermediate period between satem and centum languages. Alb. Arbëresh [eukham- > utha “ I”] is the only cognate similar to Hitt. ú-uk (uk) “ I” with u after am-mu-uk “me”, and Toch. Toch. ñuk “I”. In archaic Alb. the ending of the word actually stood before the word like in Hitt. IE eĝ(h)om is presumably after J. Schmidt (KZ. 36, 405) neuter; which actually stands for “(my) hereness “ and it has evolved from the Pron.-stem e- which is considered worth under *ghe, *gho enclitic particles.

    References: WP. I 115 f., WH. I 395 f., 862; Schwyzer Gk. I 209, 602, 6042, Trautmann 72, Pedersen Hitt. 73 f.